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    E-Books Inventor Michael S. Hart Passes Away

     | Sep 22, 2011

    Michael Stern Hart, who invented electronic books (e-books) in 1971, passed away on September 6, 2011, in his home in Urbana, Illinois, at the age of 64. He founded Project Gutenberg, which is recognized as one of the earliest and longest-lasting online literary projects. He often told this story of how he had the idea for e-books. He had been granted access to significant computing power at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. On July 4, 1971, after being inspired by a free printed copy of the U.S. Declaration of Independence, he decided to type the text into a computer, and to transmit it to other users on the computer network. From this beginning, the digitization and distribution of literature was Hart's life's work, spanning over 40 years. 

    You can find a series of recent writings by Michael online in the Public Library Blog Newsletter.



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  • Realizing that student engagement is a major component of learning, teachers attempt to design instruction that includes active participation. Many love the idea of using chart paper and sticky notes to have students brainstorm ideas, react to a story, record unfamiliar vocabulary words, summarize newly learned ideas, and pose new wonderings.
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    Teaching Tips: Using Wallwisher to Support Your Instruction

    by Kelly Johnson, Diane Lapp and Maria Grant
     | Sep 21, 2011

    Realizing that student engagement is a major component of learning, teachers attempt to design instruction that includes active participation. Many love the idea of using chart paper and sticky notes to have students brainstorm ideas, react to a story, record unfamiliar vocabulary words, summarize newly learned ideas, and pose new wonderings.

    Often, however, teachers don’t readily have needed quantities of these paper resources, and after the lesson is finished the adhesive seldom continues to adhere to the wall. Additionally, without prodding, students infrequently reference these resources.

    As an alternative, have you considered Wallwisher, which is a motivating, tree-saving, digitized, note posting way to engage students individually and collaboratively with purposeful instruction at any point throughout the lesson? Using Wallwisher, students can post, edit, and elaborate their work while sharing the thinking of their classmates.

    The following examples illustrate how Wallwisher can support student learning in the content area of science. Teaching and learning science is being given very needed attention since the recently released draft of A Framework for K-12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, and Core Ideas from the Committee on Conceptual Framework for the New K-12 Science Education Standards and the National Research Council. This Framework, like the Common Core Standards emphasizes attaining rigorous learning goals including being able to comprehend, evaluate, and communicate information learned through inquiry and text supported content study.

    For years the science community has been lobbying for more inquiry-based instruction in school characterized by the promotion of the real world practices of critical thinking and problem-solving (American Association for the Advancement of Sciences, 1993; National Committee on Science Education Standards and Assessment & National Research Council, 1996; Rutherford & Ahlgren, 1989). This characterization continues to be promoted as evidenced through the call for students to expand and revise their knowledge, thinking, and literacy while engaging in scientific inquiry, (The Committee on Conceptual Framework for the New K-12 Science Education Standards and the National Research Council (2011).

    Wallwisher is the perfect tool to facilitate such inquiry and critical thinking within any area of study.

    What is Wallwisher?

    Wallwisher is an online notice board maker. It can be used to convey birthday wishes, make announcements, take notes, reflect on a reading, or brainstorm what is known, learned, or questioned during a unit of study. Think of Wallwisher as a digital bulletin board.

    How does Wallwisher work?

    The teacher logs in (it’s free!) and poses a question or topic to the class. Once the bulletin board is customized with different information, colors, fonts, icons, etc., it is ready to be shared. Students read the teacher-posed question or topic, and create/write a sticky of their own. All of the responses appear on one “wall space” so students can see each others’ ideas as they create their own sticky note.

    A big advantage is that the users do not need to have accounts themselves to post a response so it is quick and easy to use in a group situation. Messages can contain up to 160 characters and can include hyperlinks to other sites. Multimedia that is hosted online on other sites, such as images, videos and sound files, can also be added to a sticky note by using the URL.

    Once a wall has been created, you can also embed the wall in other online spaces such as wiki pages or blog posts. Click on this link to see a YouTube video on how Wallwisher works: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBn1EVzh6wk

    Wallwisher in a 3rd grade classroom: Supporting Initial Planning and Formative Student Assessment

    Before beginning science units in her classroom, Angela Harrison likes to assess the base of knowledge her students have on a topic. To do so she often invites them to use KWL charts to record this information. To assess their growing knowledge throughout a unit of study, she has them return to their charts to continually chronicle their learning and questions.

    Unfortunately, many charts are often lost through the study. She solved this problem with Wallwisher. Once the students were familiar with using paper sticky notes she moved them into digital sticky notes. Her students recently used Wallwisher at the beginning of a unit of study on weather. Some of her student’s “sticky notes” said: “I’ve seen evaporation at work after a rain storm because the puddles in my backyard get smaller and smaller.” Another wrote “Hail is like hard snow.” A third comment was “I wonder why different parts of the world have different weather at the same time.”

    By having her students use Wallwisher to share their ideas and wonderings about weather, Mrs. Harrison was able to frequently assess their learning, and then tailor the upcoming lessons to meet their individual and collective needs. Using Wallwisher, she was able to post different questions to different students throughout the unit and assess if and when re-teaching was necessary.

    Click on the following link to see Mrs. Harrison’s class wall: http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/msharrisons3rdgrade

    Wallwisher in 9th grade Earth Science classroom: Creating Text-supported Summaries

    Ninth grade teacher Adam Renick used Wallwisher to support his students as they summarized and shared different articles about ecosystems. He asked small groups, to each read and summarize a different article about an ecosystem.

    Using the allotted 160 characters, student groups carefully synthesized ideas in order to provide appropriate summaries. The students were also tasked with adding a related link that would help their peers learn more about an ecosystem.

    After all sticky notes were posted, students were to go to the site again (this time individually), read all the sticky notes, and click on two of the links to learn more about the ecosystem with which they were least familiar. They were then to individually post one note identifying a newly learned fact or an additional wondering they now had.

    Mr. Renick was also able to respond to some of his students’ wonderings by creating sticky notes of his own. As his students used their texts to create summaries, Mr. Renick was able to also continually assess their growing base of knowledge and provide additional instruction as needed.

    Click on the following link to see the wall from Mr. Renick’s class: http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/9thgradescience

    Benefits to Learning

    The goals set forth by the Committee on Conceptual Framework for the New K-12 Science Education Standards and the National Research Council (2011) is calling for learners to gain sufficient knowledge of the practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas of science in order to be able to engage in discussions and to become critical consumers of scientific information. Wallwisher, as a tool that facilitates digital publication within a classroom, is an innovative and engaging way for students to share ideas, curiosities, and thoughts in a collaborative fashion. This type of creative, critical thinking is the hallmark of scientific problem-solving—an aspect of education that is rapidly becoming a central area of focus and concern at both national and local levels.

    For educators seeking ways to promote engaged participation and inventive thought, Wallwisher is just the right tool.

    References

    American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. (1993). Benchmarks for science literacy. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Committee on Conceptual Framework for the New K-12 Science Education Standards & National Research Council. (2011). A framework for k-12 science education: practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas (Prepublication copy). Retrieved from http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=13165&page=1

    National Committee on Science Education Standards and Assessment & National Research Council. (1996). National science education standards. Retrieved from http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=4962&page=1

    Rutherford, F.J., & Ahlgren, A. (1989). Science for all Americans. New York: Oxford University Press.

    © 2011 Kelly Johnson, Diane Lapp, Maria Grant. Please do not reproduce in any form, electronic or otherwise.


    Teaching Tips: Going Graphic with Glogs

    Teaching Tips: Language Frames Support Literacy in Science
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    We Give Books and Pearson Foundation Support Jumpstart’s Read for the Record

     | Sep 21, 2011
    Millions of children in low-income neighborhoods don’t have books in their homes, missing out on the chance to develop crucial early literacy skills that affect their success in the classroom and in life. We Give Books, a digital reading initiative from the Pearson Foundation and the Penguin Group, is on a mission to change all that.

    We Give Books kids receive Llama Llama Red Pajama booksWe Give Books makes it easy to help people enjoy reading together, at the same time providing books to those who may not have access to them. Anyone with access to the Internet can visit the site (www.wegivebooks.org) to read one of the free books available in its online library, and We Give Books donates a book to a leading literacy group on his or her behalf.

    Now We Give Books has introduced a new initiative which takes that concept and adds a twist: Read for Our Schools is tied directly to Jumpstart’s Read for the Record campaign, which is presented in partnership with the Pearson Foundation. The annual Read for the Record campaign draws attention to the importance of early literacy by setting a new record for the most people reading the same book on the same day. Through Read for Our Schools, for each free book read online at www.wegivebooks.org between now and October 6, the Pearson Foundation will donate a copy of Llama Llama Red Pajama – this year’s official Read for the Record title. These donations will enable children who otherwise wouldn’t have the chance to participate in the day’s events. Through We Give Books’ Read for Our Schools campaign, the foundation will donate 50,000 books to 150 participating school districts.

    “I commend the We Give Books campaign for its creative approach in promoting the importance of reading in our children's lives,” said Florida Education Commissioner Gerard Robinson. “By making free online books available to families, and linking the use of that free material to this year's Read for the Record, we are engaging our children in the reading process in imaginative and compelling ways.” 

    “Jumpstart’s Read for the Record shines a spotlight on our obligation to ensure that young people everywhere have an equal chance to succeed,” said Pearson Foundation President and CEO Mark Nieker. “We Give Books and Read for Our Schools add an important digital element that provides another way for people to show they care.”

    Visit www.wegivebooks.org/readfortherecord to learn more and to register for this year’s Read for the Record.

    We Give Books logoWe Give Books is a philanthropic program from the Penguin Group and the Pearson Foundation that helps children become lifelong readers and givers. Together, Penguin Group and the Pearson Foundation support literacy through programs that engage entire communities. Working around the world through programs like Booktime, We Give Books, and Jumpstart’s Read for the Record, Penguin and the Pearson Foundation have touched millions of lives in thousands of communities. To learn more about the We Give Books program and its nonprofit partners, go to we.givebooks.org

    Jumpstart Read for the Record in Partnership with Pearson Foundation logosJumpstart is a national early education organization that helps children develop the language and literacy skills they need for school, setting them on a path to close the achievement gap before it is too late. Read for the Record allows Americans to demand that all children receive the quality early education they deserve. For more information on Jumpstart and Read for the Record, visit www.jstart.org

    The Pearson Foundation, a 501(c) (3) nonprofit, extends Pearson’s commitment to education by partnering with leading nonprofit, civic, and business organizations to provide financial, organizational, and publishing assistance across the globe. The foundation aims to make a difference by sponsoring innovative educational programs and extending its educational expertise to help in classrooms and in local communities. More information on the Pearson Foundation can be found at www.pearsonfoundation.org.


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    Globetrotting by Blogs: No Passport Required

     | Sep 19, 2011
    by L. A. Henry and L. Zawilinski
    How do you motivate your students to become excited about writing? Do you wonder how to help them think more critically about literature, global issues, or multiple perspectives? Are you looking for an easy way to engage students in 21st century learning? If any of these questions have crossed your mind, introduce your students to a cultural exchange with blogs. 
    What is a blog? 

    Blog is short for web log, an easily editable web space that is often likened to a shared digital diary or journal. Bloggers (people who blog) create posts that highlight personal experiences, state opinions, or describe events. Posts can include text, photos, images, and video. Each entry is time stamped in reverse chronological order with the most recent post appearing first. Blogs can be individual or collaborative with either private or public settings for viewing and participation. 
    Why blog with your students? 

    Blogs provide a unique platform to open students’ writing up to authentic audiences beyond the teacher, classroom, and local community. Even our youngest students can compose comments on a blog! Blogs also support the development of higher order thinking and 21st century literacy skills. Students are introduced to multiple perspectives as they share their own thoughts and ideas about a given topic. Additionally, students who rarely contribute during class discussions are given a voice through the use of blogs. 
    What is the best way to use blogs? 

    The most exciting way to use blogs is to partner with classrooms in other parts of the world. This helps students develop cultural understanding and global awareness. For younger students, this type of cultural blog exchange can be set up as a class-to-class blog in which the teacher guides the students in a shared writing experience to develop each blog post. For older students, a student-to-student blog exchange provides an opportunity for your students to have their own “pen pal” that they can write to through the blog. 
    How do you get started? 

    First, if you’re new to blogs, join the new IRA social network, Engage, and check out the Teacher to Teacher Blogs. In this blog community, you can read a variety of blog posts and leave comments. In doing so, you would be adding your voice to a literacy com¬munity while getting a feel for blogging! You might then start your own blog (if needed, elicit the help of a technology teacher, library media specialist, or tech-savvy student) to better understand the way blogs are organized and to become familiar with blog features. 
    Blog Chart
    Next, review the HOT Blogging Framework (Zawilinski, 2009), which helps scaffold students as they develop their blogging skills. Identify curricular areas that you would like to integrate into your students’ blogs. Aside

     from literacy skill development, blogs are a great way for students to acquire and expand content knowledge in a variety of subjects (e.g. geography, science, history, culture). Finally, don’t forget to provide your students with lessons on Internet safety, digital citizenship, and netiquette to ensure respectful social interactions. 

    Now that you know the basics of blogging, here are some resources to support your blogging journey: 

    Resources from the Authors

    Zawilinski, L. (2009). HOT Blogging: A Framework for Blogging to Promote Higher
    Order Thinking. The Reading Teacher, 62(8), 650-661.
    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1598/RT.62.8.3/abstract 


    Video Recording of Globetrotting by Blogs presentation at IRA 2011 Annual Convention
    featuring L. A. Henry and L. Zawilinski
    Globe Trotting

    Click to play

    ReadWriteThink.org Strategy Guides and Lessons

    Teaching with Blogs
    http://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/teaching-withblogs-30108.html

    Online Safety
    http://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/onine-safety- 30107.html

    E-pals Around the World (Grades 6-8)
    http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/pals-around-world- 178.html

    Weekly Writer’s Blogs: Building a Reflective Community of Support (Grades 9-12)
    http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/weekly-writerblogs= building-1113.html

    Examples of Classroom Blogs

    Travel Buddies/1st & 2nd Grade: Cultural Exchange between Kentucky, USA and Rio de

    Janeiro, Brazil
    http://tbteresiano1ano.blogspot.com/
    http://tbteresiano2ano.blogspot.com/

    Mrs. Yollis’ Classroom Blog: Third Graders Learning and Sharing Together
    http://yollisclassblog.blogspot.com/

    Huda Kaeen’s 8th Grade Blog in Makassed Saida, Lebanon
    http://hblogging.edublogs.org

    Blog Providers

    Edublogs for Teachers and Students
    http://www.edublogs.org

    21 Classes Cooperative Learning
    http://www.21classes.com

    Landmarks Class Blogmeister
    http://www.classblogmeister.com

    ePals Global Community: Locate Classrooms around the World
    http://www.epals.com/search/

    Reference

    1. Zawilinski, L. (2009). HOT Blogging: A Framework for Blogging to Promote Higher Order Thinking. The Reading Teacher, 62(8), 650-661. 

    Laurie A. Henry is an assistant professor at the University of Kentucky, lauriehenry@ uky.edu. Lisa Zawilinski is a faculty member in the College of Education, Nursing, and Health Professions at University of Hartford, zawlinsk@ hartford.edu.

    Based on a ReadWriteThink.org sponsored session at the 57th International Reading Association Annual Convention in Orlando, FL

     

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    Young Adult Book Review: The Dry Grass of August

     | Sep 14, 2011

    by Dr. Judith A. Hayn 

    SIGNAL is the International Reading Association's Special Interest Group Network on Adolescent Literature; our mission is promoting the reading and use of young adult literature. We define adolescent and/or young adult literature (YAL) as books written specifically for adolescents, young adults, teens. These books have a young protagonist who deals with issues that other young people face, or might have to face. Additionally, adolescent literature is anything that young adults choose to read. Publishers have an impact when they select to market a book as YAL. 

    The Dry Grass of AugustAn example of a book that was written for adults but has been marketed as young adult is The Dry Grass of August (2011). The year is 1954; Brown vs. Board of Education threatens to end an entrenched way of life in the segregated South. June Bentley Watts (Jubie) is 13 and growing up in Charlotte, North Carolina. In a week and a half of one summer, she develops from a sheltered, gawky adolescent into a young activist without completely understanding what happened. This transformation begins when Mama takes her three daughters, Stell, Jubie, Puddin’, and baby Davie to Pensacola to visit her younger brother Taylor. Mary, their black maid, accompanies them. Disaster looms from the first page of the novel, as tension and danger mount with every mile. The family has fled Daddy and his alcoholic rages as they have before; Jubie’s flashbacks reveal the developing discord at home that prompted the vacation. 

    The author Anna Jean Mayhew grew up in Charlotte in the 50s, so the voices ring unflinchingly true with authentic regional color. Jubie is another compelling heroine, and older teens or mature younger readers will appreciate this book with its powerful message laced with historical accuracy. 

    Dr. Judith A. Hayn is an Associate Professor at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. 

    This article is part of a series from the Special Interest Group Network on Adolescent Literature (SIGNAL)


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