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  • Before I was a writer, or a teacher, or a scientist, I was a student. And for the most part, I was a pretty good student. In math and science, I was a great student. In English, I was a great student if I liked the material. But in history, I mostly just memorized the information I needed in order to get by. I enrolled in Latin because speaking a foreign language was a mystery to me.
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    Megan Miranda (FRACTURE) Says 'Yes' to Learning Across Boundaries

    by Megan Miranda
     | Jan 07, 2013
    This post originally appeared on the Engage/Teacher to Teacher blog in January 2012.

    Before I was a writer, or a teacher, or a scientist, I was a student.

    And for the most part, I was a pretty good student. In math and science, I was a great student. In English, I was a great student if I liked the material. But in history, I mostly just memorized the information I needed in order to get by. I enrolled in Latin because speaking a foreign language was a mystery to me. And in art and music, well, mostly I was just seized with the panic that someone would realize I had absolutely no idea what was going on.

    I’m assuming that’s how my school-years would’ve continued had it not been for the slew of amazing teachers I encountered in high school. I’m not sure if they were paying extra attention, or maybe I was just really outspoken about my interests by then, or maybe they were just really, really clever. More than likely, they understood that there were not only different types of learners, but—more to the point—different types of kids. I was a kid who loved science.

    Regardless of the reason, I started high school and suddenly found myself looking forward to history, and art, and all the classes I used to be somewhat indifferent toward. It’s not that I suddenly remembered historic dates or developed a previously unknown artistic ability, but I started to see that no subject exists in a bubble. That there is science in everything, and writing in science, music in language, and art in history. Subjects are not so strictly defined, and neither are we.

    It was my teachers who showed me this. They reached me.

    When it came time to select a research topic in American history, my teacher asked me if I had heard about the influenza outbreak of 1918, which is how I ended up writing a paper on how the most deadly pandemic in American history affected said history.

    And the next year, in Western Civilization, when we needed to pick an empire for a project, that same teacher let me pick NASA. Yes, NASA. As long as I could back up my case.

    A music teacher suggested I might enjoy music theory (he was right). An art teacher pointed out the angles in art. I saw the math in it—how altering the angles could change the dimension, maybe even change the whole meaning behind it.

    I memorized and performed The Raven in drama class—a class that previously terrified me—because I loved the darkness and the cadence, and my mother had put that poem in my hands years earlier.

    Somebody else put JURASSIC PARK in my hands. Writing and science blurred—art and science blurred.

    So here’s the thing: I don’t remember the date of the Magna Carta (wait: 1215? Hmm. That was weird), and I can’t list the presidents in order, but I know how to research. I understand how empires rise, and then fall. And I understand how one event can affect government, policy, science, and war.

    I only taught for 2 years before staying home with kids of my own. But I did learn a lot in those 2 years. Things I didn’t do, at first, until I remembered what my teachers had done for me.

    I had to remember that there is science in sports and in cars, and that there is history and art in science. And I had to remember to say yes. When a student wants to take a field trip to the parking lot to show off his new sound system? Say yes. Make him prove to us that sound is a form of energy, and that it can be transferred. Someone wants to build a clay model of a cell instead of listing the components? Yes. Write a poem on the properties of water? Yes.

    I had to remember to let my students pick their own diseases to research. They all had one that affected their lives, and everyone was much more interested in listening to their classmates present the information than in listening to me spout facts.

    I had to remember that there’s a history to science, just as much as there is science in history. That there is writing in science, and there could be science in writing.

    And that reading ties everything together.

    When I was young, my mother gave me books when I had science questions, which is why I believed, and still believe, that answers come through reading. And I’m not just talking about nonfiction. I discovered a lot of truths through fiction, too, though mine may not be the same as someone else’s.

    It’s the feeling that resonates—for me, or for you—the one that makes us think: yes.

    Megan Miranda was a scientist and high school teacher before writing FRACTURE, which came out of her fascination with scientific mysteries—especially those associated with the brain. Megan has a BS in biology from MIT and spent her post-college years either rocking a lab coat or reading books. She lives near Charlotte, North Carolina, where she volunteers as an MIT Educational Counselor. Fracture is her first novel.

    © 2013 Megan Miranda. Please do not reproduce in any form, electronic or otherwise.


    Teaching Tips: Building Content Literacy with Math Word Problems

    TILE-SIG Feature: What Does STEM Have To Do With Reading?
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  • Julie CoiroJulie Coiro highlights the positive and negative results from the Pew Internet Project's How Teens Do Research In The Digital World report.
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    TILE-SIG Feature: How Teens Do Research In The Digital World

     | Jan 04, 2013
    Julie Coiroby Julie Coiro

    In November 2012, the Pew Internet Project published the first of three reports designed to explore teachers’ views of the ways today’s digital environment is shaping the research and writing habits of today’s middle and high school students as well as the instructional practices that teachers use in their classrooms. The study compiled data from two main sources, including 1) an online survey of more than 2,000 middle and high school teachers drawn from the Advanced Placement (AP) and National Writing Project (NWP) communities; and 2) a series of online and offline focus groups with middle and high school teachers and some of their students.

    The first report, titled How Teens Do Research In The Digital World, builds on prior research that has shown just how deeply search engines, mobile devises, and other Internet technologies are woven into the lives of today’s adults and teens. Some of the most interesting findings from this first report include the following: 

    • Over three-quarters of survey participants (77%) say the impact of the Internet and other digital technologies on students’ research habits is “mostly positive.”  Virtually all teachers (99%) reported that “the Internet enables students to find and use resources that would otherwise not be available to them” and the majority of teachers (65%) believe that “the Internet makes students more self-sufficient researchers who are less reliant on adult help.“ For example, one teacher commented on the most positive aspect of being able to conduct research online with the statement, “Students have quick access to some of the best available research online…and when they come across information they don’t understand…the Internet allows them to conduct, quick, tangential searchers to learn needed information in support of their primary search.” In addition, a majority of teachers “somewhat agree” or “strongly agree” that the internet and digital technologies encourage learning by connecting students to more resources about topics that interest them (31% “strongly agree,” 59% “somewhat agree”), enabling them to access multimedia content (24% “strongly agree,” 52% “somewhat agree”), and broadening their worldviews (23% “strongly agree” and 49% “somewhat agree”).

    • However, the findings are not all positive.  In fact, the large majority of teachers also agree to some extent that “the amount of information available online today is overwhelming for most students” (83%) and that “today’s digital technologies discourage students from finding and using a wide range of sources for their research” (71%).  When asked what was believed to be the most negative aspect of students today being able to conduct research online, one teacher commented, “Same as the positive! Students have access to a seemingly endless amount of information…They don’t know how to filter out bad information, and they are so used to getting information quickly, that when they can’t find what they are looking for immediately, they quit.”   Another wrote, “Students have a hard time reading online for extended periods of time. They get distracted so easily with the computer screen as opposed to salient, extended reading in books/texts.”

    • Notably, the majority of teachers (60%) agree with the idea that “today’s digital technologies make it harder for students to find and use credible sources of information.” Teachers are concerned that students are not skilled enough in thinking critically about or synthesizing the information they find online. In fact, 93% of those surveyed somewhat or strongly agreed with the statement “courses or content focusing on digital literacy must be incorporated into every school’s curriculum.”  Some of the essential skills that teachers indicated students need for the future included judging the quality of information (91%), writing effectively (91%) and behaving responsibly online (85%). However, there was less agreement among teachers when it came to deciding when these skills should be taught and by whom.

    • Perhaps the most troubling finding is that for many of today’s students, research has become synonymous with the fast-paced short term process of “Googling” to locate just enough information to complete the assignment as opposed to a slower long-term process guided by intellectual curiosity and discovery. In follow-up focus group discussions, many teachers noted that the time constraints that today’s students face in their lives more generally have begun to impact the very nature of what many would consider as “doing research.”

    To learn more about current approaches used to teach critical research skills as well as secondary teachers’ concerns about the broader impacts of digital technologies on their students, you can access the full report at http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2012/Student-Research.

    Julie Coiro is from the University of Rhode Island, jcoiro@mail.uri.edu.

    This article is part of a series from the International Reading Association Technology in Literacy Education Special Interest Group (TILE-SIG).




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  • Julie CollinsThis Oklahoma teacher shares her excitement for the upcoming convention and what she thinks legislators need to know about the education field today.
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    January Member of the Month: Julie Collins

     | Jan 03, 2013

    University of Central Oklahoma Assistant Professor Julie Collins was just appointed an IRA Government Relations Committee Co-Chair with Pamela Hamman. In this Reading Today article, she shares her passion for teaching, her excitement for the upcoming IRA Annual Convention, and what she thinks legislators need to know about the education field today. 

    Julie CollinsWhen did you know you wanted to be a teacher?

    I know that this will seem like a cliché, but one of my strongest memories from growing up is playing school in the basement. I had a desk set up and would use the school supplies that we were allowed to bring home from school at the end of the year. I remember always being the teacher and playing with neighborhood children, or stuffed animals and dolls, as the students. While I cannot say for sure that I knew at that point that I wanted to be a teacher, I know that it was the beginning of my intrigue with the art of teaching, copying what I observed my elementary school teachers doing every day in the classroom. Later, my love of working with children led me to major in Elementary Education, and then my desire to learn more about teaching my students to read proficiently led me back to graduate school.

    Which books (from children's literature to professional) influenced your decision to become an educator? 

    The first book that influenced me to become a teacher is Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing by Judy Blume. My third grade teacher read this book aloud to our class and it created a happy memory for me, and an enduring example of the impact of teacher read alouds.

    While I cannot think of any professional books that influenced me prior to becoming an educator, there are quite a few that have helped shape me into the teacher I have become during my practice. One that stands out to me is Invitations by Regie Routman. This book was selected to use as a book study with my elementary school faculty, and helped to shape meaningful changes in my literacy instruction, including strategies for spelling instruction that I teach to my graduate students today.

    How did you begin your career, and what led you to your current position?

    Julie CollinsI started my teaching career in Oklahoma City Public Schools, teaching half day kindergarten at two different school sites. I taught in Oklahoma City for five years, teaching kindergarten and 2nd grade. I changed districts to teach in Norman, OK, where I live, at that point, and taught 1st grade and Transitional 1st grade for three years at Jefferson Elementary School, before becoming the Title I Reading Specialist at that site. After fourteen years of teaching, I worked for three years at the Oklahoma State Department of Education in the Federal Programs Division and then in the Curriculum Division as the Director of Literacy. Following this, I spent three years as the Director of Elementary Language Arts in Putnam City Schools in Oklahoma City, OK. During this period I completed my Ph.D. in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum in Literacy Education. I was able to teach as an adjunct instructor at the University of Oklahoma during these time periods as well. In August of 2008, I began my current position as an Assistant Professor at the University of Central Oklahoma in Edmond, OK.

    You are the Reading Program Coordinator/Advisor at the University of Central Oklahoma. What does that role entail?

    My role as Program Coordinator connects me to my students and to the International Reading Association. This position involves advising the students in our Masters of Reading Program from the time that they are admitted to graduate school through completion of their degree and completing their path to certification as a Reading Specialist. The position also involves overseeing the curriculum and assessment of our program to be sure that we are meeting the IRA’s Standards for Reading Professionals, Revised 2010. These standards are used for accreditation of reading programs across the country.

    You just became an IRA Government Relations Committee Co-Chair (working with Pamela Hamman and Rich Long). What brought you to this position?

    I am delighted to serve the International Reading Association as co-chair of the Government Relations Committee. Advocacy is a professional interest of mine, and I am thrilled to be involved with this committee. Committee membership is a terrific way for members to become more involved in IRA. I previously served on the IRA Classroom Teacher Award Committee. This experience provided interesting work for me on several levels. I was amazed that such a small number of applications were received for each of the awards that the committee facilitated. After serving on this committee for several years, I was appointed to the Government Relations Committee, and then was appointed Co-Chair for this year. Committee work provides an opportunity to work with members with a range of experience to facilitate the important work of IRA. I encourage members to check out this site which provides information about each of IRA’s committees, as well as a link to the form to volunteer or nominate a colleague to serve: /general/AboutIRA/Governance/Committees.aspx.

    One of the responsibilities of the Government Relations Committee is scoring the Advocacy Award submissions from state councils. This is an important initiative encouraging IRA’s state councils to be involved in the advocacy process. We have quite a few state councils doing a terrific job with advocacy, but we have room for growth in this area. Information about the Advocacy Award can be found at /Resources/AwardsandGrants/council_advocacy.aspx. If you are involved with your state council and would like to help them become more involved in advocacy efforts, I encourage you to check out the information!

    What do you think are the most important education issues and concepts for legislators to understand?

    Julie CollinsWow, this is a loaded question! I believe that it is extremely important for teachers to become active in advocating for their work and their students. I think that it is important for legislators at the state and federal level to hear from teachers and know about their commitment to the work that they have chosen and to the students that they teach. There are important issues involving education being discussed at local, state, and federal levels, and it is important for policy makers to hear from the dedicated teachers across our country who are implementing the curriculum and assessment mandates. I have found that citizens are often hesitant to contact their legislators as people often do not think that their single voice will make a difference; however, legislators often do not hear from constituents and hearing from even a small number of contacts can influence them.

    On a general level, the implementation of the Common Core State Standards is an important topic at the moment at the federal and state level as the majority of states have adopted the standards. Personnel in these states are currently working to transition to implementing these standards and the related assessments, which are being developed by two consortia. One of the most important things a teacher can do is to make personal contact with their legislators. Offer to provide information. Invite them to your classroom. Personal relationships can grow into advisory relationships through the trust developed. This contact can illuminate and personalize the information that the legislators are reading about in the bill proposals coming across their desks.  It is important for teachers to remember that they are the ones with daily experience with curriculum and assessment and their views are important! Share your opinions with your legislators about the investment of time that you have in ongoing professional development and preparation for teaching. As a teacher, educate yourself about the current conversations going on at your local and state level, as well as on the national stage. It is better to become informed and share your opinion through the process, than to learn of a new requirement after the fact when a bill proposal becomes a law.

    What do you consider to be your proudest career moment?

    My proudest moments are hearing from students about their accomplishments and how their education has influenced their careers. Hearing or reading a “thank you” from a student absolutely makes my day and is a reminder of the important work that I am involved with on a daily basis.

    Will you be attending the IRA Annual Convention in San Antonio in April? If so, which sessions are you looking forward to attending?

    Julie CollinsYes, I am looking forward to attending the annual convention in San Antonio.

    The session that I am most looking forward to attending is the IRA Government Relations Committee Symposium: The latest updates from PARCC and Smarter Balanced Consortia - Important Common Core State Standards Connections for You! This session will feature representatives from both PARCC and Smarter Balanced discussing their progress in creating the assessments for the Common Core State Standards.  This is an important topic for all educators. Dr. Rich Long will also be providing information about legislative updates as well as updates on IRA Advocacy Activities. This symposium is scheduled for Monday, April 22 at 9:00 a.m.

    Additionally, I am looking forward to the Research Sessions included throughout the convention. The Research Address, featuring Brian Cambourne, and two sessions featuring updates from the IRA Literacy Research Panel will be held on Saturday, April 20. Participants should also check the program for other research sessions scheduled throughout the convention.

    As a teacher educator, what's the most valuable advice you can give to someone entering the field?

    My first advice to new educators is to remember the passion that brought you to the profession to begin with, as that is what will help you find joy in your day to day work.

    Second, do not forget the importance of life-long learning and ongoing professional development. Your initial teacher education prepared you to be an excellent beginning teacher. Do not feel that you need to have the answer to every question. A professional home in the International Reading Association can provide support for you throughout your career. Involvement at the local and state level will provide networking with colleagues and opportunities for growth in knowledge and leadership. Membership provides resources to support your ongoing learning through journals, books, and conference opportunities.

    What do you like to do when you're not wearing your educator hat?

    I enjoy reading, traveling, college sports, and spending time with my husband and son.

     

     

     

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  • Let me begin with a bit of a disclaimer…While you are reading this in the first moments of 2013, please know I am writing this just days after that tragic day at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newtown, CT. I want to make a joke or two followed by something I hope you find relevant to your daily lives as teachers. I want to say something a little saucy and slightly over the line to make you laugh at the end of a long day. But I just don’t have it in me right now.
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    Rethinking the Unheralded Heroic Act: Asking for Help

    by Mrs. Mimi
     | Jan 02, 2013
    Being a teacher means embracing constant change. Yet all too often, teachers are told when, how and why to change. In this monthly column, Mrs. Mimi takes on creating change for herself by rethinking old practices and redefining teaching on her own terms.

    Let me begin with a bit of a disclaimer…While you are reading this in the first moments of 2013, please know I am writing this just days after that tragic day at Sandy Hook Elementary in Newtown, CT.

    I want to make a joke or two followed by something I hope you find relevant to your daily lives as teachers. I want to say something a little saucy and slightly over the line to make you laugh at the end of a long day. But I just don’t have it in me right now.

    I’m sure you understand. Everything feels heavy. Perhaps because this happened in an elementary school of all places, perhaps because I am a teacher and I know what six is, perhaps because this happened too close to home for me, or perhaps because I am a mommy.

    Does it matter?

    Each month I try to think about a topic from our everyday classroom experiences and look at it in a new light. I do this mostly for selfish reasons as I have a perverse need to constantly have a project, but I hope some of you are able to get something out of it too. Right now, all I can think about is those teachers who were and are heroes. I imagine what that day must have been like, the thoughts that raced through their heads, their instinct to protect and act quickly and selflessly.

    Among other things, this event is a cry for us to rethink how we address mental health in our country and in our schools. It is time to provide the support and guidance teachers need to more successfully deal with what appears to be a growing number of children with particular social and emotional needs all while teaching a reading lesson.

    photo: networkosaka via photopin
    But, for the teachers out there who are currently working with children who have mental health issues, I want you to rethink “being a hero.” I am talking about “being a hero” in the sense that I know many of us out there are afraid to ask for help when we are truly struggling with controlling or reaching a student. Many of us think that we were given this class and take pride in being able to handle things on our own. Others are afraid to admit they want help because they work in a school culture where teachers feel like they have to “prove themselves.”

    It is not a sign of your failure as a teacher if you are unable to provide the type of environment our students suffering from mental illness deserve. You were not prepared for this. You are a hero even if you ask for help (and maybe especially if you ask for help).

    So gather your class around you. Share a book together. Share your favorite memories from the school year thus far. And share the load by asking for help and making it known that teachers need support and guidance when working with children who struggle socially or emotionally.

    You are already a hero.

    Mrs. Mimi is a pseudonymous teacher who taught both first and second grades at a public elementary school in New York City. She's the author of IT'S NOT ALL FLOWERS AND SAUSAGES: MY ADVENTURES IN SECOND GRADE, which sprung from her popular blog of the same name. Mimi also has her doctorate in education from Teachers College, Columbia University.
    © 2013 Mrs. Mimi. Please do not reproduce in any form, electronic or otherwise.
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  • Fenice BoydThis list of authors from different backgrounds continues the sidebar in Fenice Boyd's article in the CCSS Issue of Reading Today.
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    Diversity and the CCSS Text Exemplars: Writers and Illustrators to Look For

     | Dec 21, 2012

    Fenice BoydIn the December 2012/January 2013 issue of Reading Today, Fenice Boyd wrote an insightful piece about diversity in the list of text exemplars in the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). Below are more authors to continue the sidebar that accompanied that article.

    African American Writers: 

    • Maya Angelou
    • Gwendolyn Brooks
    • Lucille Clifton
    • Christopher Paul Curtis
    • Sharon Draper 
    • Ernest J. Gaines
    • Eloise Greenfield
    • Nikki Grimes
    • Virginia Hamilton
    • Angela Johnson
    • Julius Lester 
    • Frederick McKissack
    • Patricia McKissack
    • Walter Dean Myers
    • Angela Davis Pinkney
    • Connie Porter
    • Lesa Cline Ransome
    • Jewell Parker Rhodes
    • Margaree King Mitchell
    • Mildred Taylor
    • Rita Williams-Garcia
    • Jacqueline Woodson

    African American Illustrators: 

    • Ashley Bryan
    • R. Gregory Christie
    • Bryan Collier
    • Floyd Cooper
    • Donald Crews
    • Leo Dillon
    • Tom Feelings
    • E. B. Lewis
    • Christopher Myers
    • Kadir Nelson
    • Brian Pinkney
    • Jerry Pinkney
    • Sean Qualls
    • James Ransome
    • Synthia Saint James
    • Charles R. Smith
    • Javaka Steptoe
    • Latino Writers
    • George Ancona
    • Alma Flor Ada
    • Francisco X. Alarcón
    • Julia Alvarez  
    • George Ancona
    • Anilu’ Bernardo 
    • Carmen T. Bernier-Grand
    • Diane Gopnzales Bertrand
    • Sandra Cisneros
    • Carmen Agra Deedy
    • Margarita Engle
    • Julia Ortiz Cofer
    • Ina Cumpiano
    • Francisco Jimenez
    • Victor Martinez
    • Guadalupe Garcia McCall
    • Meg Medina
    • Nicholasa Mohr
    • Patricia Mora
    • Nancy Osa
    • Pam Muñoz Ryan
    • Gary Soto
    • Ana Veciana-Suarez
    • Latino Illustrators
    • George Ancona
    • Robert Casilla
    • Joe Cepeda
    • Raul Colon
    • David Diaz
    • Lulu Delacre
    • Enrique Flores-Galbes
    • Carmen Lomas Garza
    • Susan Guevara
    • Rafael LopezYuyi Morales
    • Sara Palacios
    • Enrique O. Sanchez
    • Duncan Tonatiuh
    • Eric Velasquez
    Asian and Pacific Island American Writers: 
    • Debjani Chatterjee
    • Ying Chang Compestine
    • Demi
    • Chen Jiang Hong
    • Cynthia Kadahota
    • Marie Lee
    • Thanhha Lei
    • Grace Lin
    • Lenore Look
    • Adeline Yen Mah
    • Ken Mochizuki
    • An Na
    • Lensey Namioka
    • Linda Sue Park
    • Yoshiko Uchida
    • Janet Wong
    • Lisa Yee
    • Wong Herbert Yee
    • Lawrence Yep
    • Ed Young
    Asian and Pacific Island American Illustrators:
    • Yan Nascimbene
    • Alan Say
    • Ed Young
    • Native American Writers
    • Sherman Alexie
    • Joseph Bruchac
    • Michael Dorris
    • Louise Erdrich 
    • Cynthia Leitich Smith
    • Virginia Driving Hawk Sneve
    • Gayle Ross

    Native American Illustrators: 

    • Shonto Begay
    • Christopher Canyon
    • Murv Jacob
    • George Littlechild
    • Leo Yerxa
    • Arab American Writers
    • Randa Abdel-Fattah
    • Ibtisam Barakat
    • Hena Khan
    • Naomi Shihab Nye
    • Marjane Satrapi

    Reference:

    Galda, L., Sipe, L., Liang, L., LA, and Cullinan, B. (2013). Literature and the Child (8th edition). Beverly, MA: Wadsworth Publishing.

    This article is an addendum to an article from the December 2012/January 2013 issue of Reading Today. IRA members can read the interactive digital version of the magazine here. Nonmembers: join today!




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